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Feb. 20, 1923. 1,445,799

A R. L. POE

sToyE AND FURNACE Filed May 28, 1920 10 Inventor: fiobei t LFaaj if? JMQQW,MWM

Patented Feb. 26, 1923,

nane noBEnrn-ron, or onrcneo, ILLINQIS.

' srovn Ann runnncn.

' Apphcation filed May 28,

L To aZZ whOm' it may concern:

Be it knownthat I, ROBERT 'L Pon, a citizen of the United States,residing at Chicago, in the county of Cook and State" of Illinois, haveinvented certain new and useful Improvements infStoves and F urnaces,

I of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to improvements in stoves andyfurnaceafland moreparticularly tothe fire-box'linings thereof, the presentlmprovements'belng designed primarily for use in connection wlth rangessuch as disclosed in my prior co-pe'nding applications Ser. Nos. 98,532and 291,668, filed'May 19, 1916, and vApril 21, 1919, respectively.

One 'of the important features in operation sought to be accomplished inthese prior structures is the introduction of pre-heated air through thesides of the fire-box into the latter above the normal level of the fueltherein; to increase and promote-combustion; and to effect asubstantially complete consumption of the products of combustion burningas the latter rise from the bed of fuel.

Obviously, in order'to accomplish these resultsit is necessary intheoperationiof these ranges to keep the level of the fuel therein belowthe openings through which the heated air is drawn, for otherwise theair supply would be cut off, and the combustion therefore rendered veryinefiicient. In practice-it has been found that the persons ordinarilyin charge of a range after its installation, even though explicityinstructed as to the .manner in which it should be operated, do notexercise the requlsitedegree of care, oftentimes filling the fire-box toa level above the air outlet openings. This not only renders thecombustion inefficient, by reason of thereduced air supply, but in'acomparatively short time causes the fire-box lining to becomeover-heated, with the resuit that it is soon burned out. Furthermore, ithas been found that after a lire-box has been filled several times abovethe air outlet openings, said openings very often become clogged orstoppedup, so that the air supply is rendered negligible, even thoughthe fuel level later falls below said openings.

Another objection arising, due to careless ness in operation of theseranges, is the gradual filling up. of the aircirculation spaces oneither Sldfi. of the fire-box, by reason of small fragments of fuel,ashes, etc.,

1920. Serial No. 384,811.

dropping into these spaces through said outlet openings. .-All of theseobjections, as above indicated, are due to carelessness in operating,and not to any fault in the con struction or design of the ranges.

The present invention contemplates anim proved firebox lining which,when installed in a range of the type'abov'e described, will avoid theobjections above noted. Briefly stated, theyinvention comprises amultiple chamber fire-box'lining, the outermost chamber of which isadapted t ocom'municate with the air-heatingpassage ofthe range,openings of special design to'prevent clogging thereof being provided inthe lining for ad, mitting the heated air fromsaidflp'assage intothefire-box, and the innermost chamber of;

the lining being provided with a'bottom outlet leading into the ash-pitof therange to permit of fuel, ashes, etc., which may fall through saidopenings, dropping into said pit. I

Other objects and advantages'of the presentimprovements will becomeapparent from the following description, taken in connection with theaccompanying drawings, wherein one form 0f theinvention is illustrated.V g

Figure l is a verticalsectional view of a range, showing one form of thepresent improvements embodied therein;

Fig. 2 is a horizontal sectional view, taken on the line 22 of Fig. 1; w

Fig. 3 is a front elevation of one of the fire-box lining members, i

' Fig. 4 is a vertical sectional view,

taken on the l1ne 4-4 of Fig. 3 and e Fig. 5 is a sectional view, takenon the line '5-5 of Fig. 3. y

1 Referring morein detail to the drawings, the range comprises an outercasing 10, having front and rear walls 1O and lO", respectively, and endwalls 10 and 10 Located within the casing are one or more ovens 11extending from the front to the rear wall of the casing and spaced attheirsides, top, and bottom from each other and from the casing. toprovide circulation spaces for the hot gases, Extending along the bottomof the range, substantially from one end of the casing to theother, isan air-heating passage 12, supported on the top plate of which. near oneend of the casing, are two upstanding plates 13,, whichforin the sidewalls of the ash-pit 14. These side walls are spaced inwardly from theend wall of the casing and from the Wall of the adjacent oven,respectively, so as to form air chambers 15. each of which communicateswith the airheating passage 12 by means of a series of apertures 16provided in the top plate of said assa e, as clearly illustrated inFigs. 1 and 2. he side walls 13 are preferably held rigidly in positionby means of bolts 17 or other suitable fastening elements, the boltsshown in the present disclosure being provided with spacing elements inthe form of collars 18, through which said bolts extend.

Immediatel above theash-pit 14 of the rim e is the re-box 19, the frontand rear walls of the casin 10 formin the front and rear walls of saibox as well as the front and rear walls of the ash-pit. The improvedfire-box linings 20 form the side walls of the fire-box, these liningsbeing preferably of cast metal and comprising substantially verticallydisposed spaced apart walls 20 and 20!, and a rearwardly extending topwall or plate 20, this latter plate being designed for attachment to orconnection with the adjacent structure of the range, as at 21 and 22, inorder to aid in securing or holding the lining in proper position. Thelinings are preferably mounted in position within the range so that thewalls 20 thereof are in substantial alinement with the side walls 13 ofthe ashit, these walls of the lining units being pro erably Slightlylonger than the walls 20, so that when the units are in position, asshown in Fig. 1, the lower edges of said walls 20 overlap the upperedges of the walls 13 of the ash-pit and bear upon the spacing elements18. y

Interposed between the walls 20 and 20 of the linings are a plurality ofspacing and reinforcing elements 20, the lowermost se ries of theseelements of each unit coacting with the upper edges of the side walls 13of the ash-pit in providing additional support for the linings.Pro'ecting 'rearwardly from the walls 20 of t e units are furtherreinforcing elements 20*, these elements be ing in the form of elon atedribs extending throughout the height 0 the linings and also serving asspacing elements when the linings are in position, by engaging theadjacent end wall of the casin in the one instance and the side wall oft e adjacent oven in the other instance. These spacing ribs 2O arepreferably of such width as to maintain a close engagement between theash-pit Walls 13 and the walls 20 of the units. The chambers or spacesintermediate the walls 20 of the linings and the adjacent structure ofthe range constitute, in effect. continuations of the air chambers 15.

Elongated, horizontally disposed slots 20 are provided in the walls 20of the linings, near the lower edges thereof, and long, narrow,vertically disposed slots 20 are ro- I which passage said air passesupwardly through the openings 16 into the air chambers 15 on either sideof the ash-pit and fire-box, in which chambers said air is furtherheated'e'specially during its travel adjacent the fire-box linings. Thishighly heated air is then drawn through the open ings 20 in the platesor walls 20" of the linings, and out into the fire-box through theoutlet slots and aertures 20' and 20, re-

spectively. The air admitted into the fircbox below the fuel level tendsto enhance the combustion of the fuel proper, while the air admittedinto said box above said level serves to effect a substantially completeconsumption of the products of combustion as the latter rise from thebed of burning fuel.

Inorder to prevent the formation of a deadair space in the upperportions of the air chambers 15, adjacent the top plates 20 of thelinings, a series of apertures 20 are provided in each of the plates 20just below said top plates, so that any heated'air which may pass abovethe openings 20' may pass through said apertures and into the fire-boxalong with the other currents of air. Each of the side linings'isprovided, intermediate the front and rear walls of the fire 'box, withan outstanding lug 24, which lugs are designed to receive and supportthe rear of the fire grate 25, the front end of said grate beingsupported in the usual manner (not shown) by means of a pin projectedthrough the front wall of the casing and engaging a suitable recess inthe front transverse bar of the grate. The portions of the grate whichengage the lugs 24 are arched out so as to, in e ect, pivot on said lugswhen the pin supporting the front end of the grate withdrawn. In thismanner the contents of the fire-box are dumped, it merely beingnecessary in replacing the grate. in operative position to press down onthe rear end thereof with a poker, or other suitable tool. so that thegrate pivots on the lugs and the front end thus raised to properposition to.- receiving the retaining or supporting pm.

From the construction of the fire-box linings, and their arrangementwithin the range relative to the ash pit and the air chambers on eitherside thereof, it will be apparent that side linings for the fire-box arep'rovided, comprising substantially three-spaced apart walls forminginner and outer vertically disposed chambers, the latter formingcontinuations of the air chambers and the former opening into theash-pit along the lower edge of the lining. ()penings are provided inthe walls and 20 of the linings to permit of the passage of heated airfrom the air chambers into the fire-box, above described, while theinner chambers opening downwardly into the ash-pit permit of allfragments of fuel ashes, as, which may fall through the outlet openings20 and :20 provided in the plates 20" of the linings dropping into theash-pit, thereby precluding the possibility of the air chambers or theopenings, forming communication between said chambers and the airpassage 12, becoming clogged or filled up. The long, narrow outlet slotsprovided in the linings serve to ad mit air into and above the fuel inthe fire box, resulting in very desirable advantage in combustion. andthe consumption of the products thereof. The walls of the outlet slots2O are preferably tapered rearwardly, or away from, the fire-box, sothat the out let portions of such slots are more restricted than therear portions thereof, and in this manner clogging of said slots isprevented.

The hot gases driven off from the fire-box are passed around the ovensprior to their passage through the flue 26, the usual damper 27 being,provided for regulating the draft, and a damper 28 is provided toregulate or control the passage of the hot gases around the ovens.

Each side lining is preferably made up of a plurality of sectionssecured in position, as shown, although it will be readily understoodthat if desired the sections may be made sufficiently long so that onlyone will be required on each side. While fire linings of the presentimprovements have been described and shown in connection with a range,

it will be obvious to those skilled in the art that the same are of moregeneral use and adaptation, and that they may with sligl'it change beused in stoves and furnaces generally. It will also be obvious to thoseskilled in the art that the present improvements are susceptible ofvarious changes and modifications within the spirit of the invention;and it is therefore not desired to limit the same to the particular formor an rangement herein described and illustrated, except as defined inthe appended claims.

I claim 1. The combination in a range having fire-box and ash-pit, ofair chambers on either side of said box and pit communicating with abottom air-heating passage,

and a hollow lining to said ilZG-lJOZC open-' ing along its bottom intosaid pit and through its rear walls into said an chambers, the frontwalls of said lining being provided with openings leading into saidfirebox.

2. A fire-box lining comprising spaced apart front and rear walls,openings in both said walls to permit oi" the circulation of air frombehind said lining through the same and into said firebox, the spacesbetween said'walls opening along the lower edge of said liningexteriorly thereof to permit of the escape of fuel and ashes which naydrop through the front wall openings.

3. In a range, a casing, an oven mounted therein, an air passageextending along the bottom of said range beneath said oven, an ash-pitspaced from said oven and the end wall ofsaid casing to provide airchambers, openings in said air passage providing communication betweenthe latter and said chambers, an inlet at the far end of said passage, afire-box mounted above said ash-pit and having side linings spaced fromsaid oven and said end wall of the casing, respectively, to provide,continuations of said air chambers, chambers in said liningsintermediate said air chambers and fire-box, said lining chambersopening into said ash-pit, and openings in said linings providingcommunication between said air chambers and the interior of saidfire-box.

42. In a stove, a multiple chamber fire-box lining, said chambersopening along their lower edges, one communicating with the ash-pit andthe other with an air-heating passage of said stove, and openings in thewalls oi said lining for admitting the heated air from said passage intothe fire-box.

5. In combination, a casing, a fire-box, an ash-pit mounted therein,said lire-box having a triple walled lining, the walls being spacedapart to provide chambers, an air heating passage having an inlet at oneend exterior of said casing and communicating with the outermost chamberor" said lining at is other end, openings in the intermediate and innerwalls of said lining to permit of heated air from said passage enteringsaid fire-box, the inner chamber opening at its bottom into said.ash-pit.

6. In a range, a casing, a fire-box and ash-pit mounted therein, thelatter being spaced from the adjacent structure of the range to providean air chamber an airheating passage communicating with said chanil'serat one end and provided with an inlet at its other end, said fire-boxbeing provided with mnltiplechainber lining, the innermost chamberthereof opening into said ash-pit and the outermost chambercommunicating with said air chamber, and open ings in said lining topermit of the circulation of heated air from said air chamber into saidfire-box,

7. In a stove, a multiple chamber fire-box lining provided with meansfor admitting air from its outermost chamber into the lirebox and havingan outlet in its innermost chamber adapted to open into the ash-pit ofsaid stove.

8. The combination in a stove having a fire-box, ash-pit and air heatingpassage, of a lining for said tire-ho); naving two substantiallyvertically disposed chambers one opening into said ashpit and the othercommunicating with said passage, and openings in sairl. lining to permitof air passing therethrough from said passage into said firebox.

9. In a stove, a fire-box lining having spaced apart walls forming achamber, the latter opening into the ash-pit of said stove means forsupplying heated air to said chamber through the outer Wall thereof, and

Ya plurality of openings in the inner wall of said chamber to admit saidheated air into the fire-box.

In testimony whereof, I have subscribed my name.

ROBERT L. POE.-

